The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Adaptation and Depression in Stargart patients

Authors
1 PhD Student in Health Psychology, Department of Nursing, Lahijan Branch, Islamic AzadوUniversity, Lahijan, Iran.
2 Master of Science in Psychology, State Welfare Organization, Rasht, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical,Science, Sari, Iran.
Abstract
Stargart is a chronic disease with multiple clinical symptoms and psychological problems, such as depression. Psychotherapy can play an important role in achieving therapeutic goals. Goal of this study was assessment effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on adaptation and depression in stargart patients. This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test and control group in which 20 patients with Stargart's disease selected through available sampling and randomly divided in to two group. The experimental group received six sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Questionnaires used to include California test of adjustment and Beck Depression. Data were analyzed by spss software to version 16. The results of covariance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores in intervention and control groups in adjustment and depression questionnaire. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective on adaptation and depression of Stagart's disease and so it can be used as a therapeutic way for solve problems these patients.
Keywords

Fujinami & etal. Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Childhood-Onset Stargardt Disease. Ophthalmology. 2015:122(2):326-334.
Duponsel N. Socio-demographic, visual and psychological factors associated with adjustment to vision loss in retinitis pigmentosa. Institutional Repository. 2012:5(8):132-141.
Bartlett & etal. Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness. Pain research. 2015:4(2):123-131.

Sabel B, Wang J, Morales L, Faig M, Heim C. Mental stress as consequence and cause of vision loss: the dawn of psychosomatic ophthalmology for preventive and personalized medicine. EPMA Journal. 2018:3(9):133-160.
Yorke & etal. Feasibility and acceptability of group‐CBT for people with severe asthma. European respiratory journal. 2013:42(57):1-12.
Nashed M, Dulay V, Yorke J, Kew K. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.2016: 22 (9):113-118.
Dnezo & etal. The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Anxiety and depression in stargardt Patients.BMJ. 2015:12(3):231-239.
Rotenstrich Y, Fishman G, Anderson R. Visual acuity loss and clinical observations in a large series of patients with stargardt disease. Ophthalmolegy. 2003:110(6):1151-1158.
Moschos M, Nitoda E, Lavaris A. Estimation of Depression Prevalence in Patients with Stargardt Disease using PHQ-9 and Zung Scores. European Journal of Ophthlmology. 2015:30(11):251-261.
Vander & etal. Stepped care for depression and anxiety in visually impaired older adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial.BMJ. 2016:35(1):125-132.
Bryan J, Leror A, Lu Q. The stargardt disease experience: An analysis of expressive writing essays about living with a rare eye disease. New Frontiers in Ophthalmology. 2016:2(1):57-62.