Comparing Personality Traits and Perceived Anxiety Control among Individuals with and without Psoriasis

Authors
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and inflammatory disease that psychological factors could cause or maintain it. The objective of this study was to compare personality traits and perceived anxiety control among individuals with and without psoriasis. Applying a causal-comparative research design, and using convenient sampling method, 260 participants were selected and assigned into two groups (with and without psoriasis). All of them completed the demographic information and NEO Personality Inventory and perceived anxiety control questionnaire. Findings revealed that individuals with psoriasis get the lower score in openness to experiences in comparison to individuals without psoriasis (p<0.05).But, there were no significant differences between two groups in regard to four other personality characteristics. In addition, Individuals without psoriasis got higher scores in the perceived anxiety control and it subscales in comparison to the control group. In according to these findings, having biases in perceiving anxiety control and openness to experience can be a crucial factor in the formation or maintenance of psoriasis.
Keywords

. Zakeri MM, Hasani J, Esmaeili N. Effectiveness of processing emotion regulation strategies training (PERST) in psychological distress (PD) of patient with vitiligo. Health Psychology. 2017;6,3(23):39-56. [Persian]
2. Chiu HY, Wang TS, Chen PH, Hsu SH, Tsai YC, Tsai TF. Psoriasis in Taiwan: From epidemiology to new treatments. Dermatol Sin. 2018;36:115-23.
3. Larsen MH, Hagen KB, Krogstad AL, Aas E, Wahl AK. Limited evidence of the effects of patient education and selfmanagement interventions in psoriasis patients. Patient Educ Couns. 2014:94:158–69.
4. Garshick M, Kimball A. Psoriasis and the life cycle of persistent life Effects. Dermatol Clin. 2015;33(1): 25-39.
5. Bebars SM, Al-Sharaky DR, Gaber MA, Afify DR. Immunohistochemical Expression of Caspase-3 in Psoriasis. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(7):01-05.
6. Innamorati M, Quinto R, Imperatori C, Lora V, Graceffa D, Fabbricatore M, et al. Health-related quality of life and its association with alexithymia and difficulties in emotion regulation in patients with psoriasis. Compr Psychiatry. 2016:70:200-08.
7. Singh S, Taylor C, Kornmeh H, Armstrong AW. Psoriasis and suicidality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77:425-40.
8. Vallecillo ER, Farina MA. Dermatological Manifestations of Stress in Normal and Psychiatric Populations. Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2014;37:625–51.
9. Mahawer B, Dandaliya I, Vijayvergia D. Personality Characteristics and Quality of Life in Patients with Psoriasis. Int j med res prof. 2016;2(2):21-24.
10. Schultz DP, Schultz SE.10th ed. 2015
11. Laihinen A. Psychosomatic aspects in dermatoses. Ann Clin Res.1987;19(2):147-9.
12. Kumar S, Vats G, Sonare D, Kachhawha D. The Personality Characteristics and Quality of Life in Psoriasis Patients. IJSR. 2017;6(2):78-96.

13. Nguyen CM, Beroukhim K, Danesh MJ, Babikian A, Koo J, Leon A. The psychosocial impact of acne, vitiligo, and psoriasis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2016;9:383–92.
14. Dalgard F, Gieler U, Aragones L, Lien L, Poot F, Jemec G, et al. The Psychological Burden of Skin Diseases. J Invest Dermatol. 2015;135:984-991.
15. Bacher J, Holli J, Minka S. Abnormal Psychology. 16th ed. 2014.
16. Sadock BJ, Sadock PR. Kaplan and Sadock's Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry. 11th ed. 2015.
17. Sokolowski KL, Israel AC. Perceived anxiety control as a mediator of the relationship between family stability and adjustment. J janx dis. 2008;22:1454–61.
18. Chorpita BF, Barlow DH. The development of anxiety: The role of control in the early environment. Psychol Bull.1998;124(1):3-21.
19. Ranjbari T, Hafezi E, Mohammadi A, Ranjbar Shirazi F, Ghafari F. Comparison of The Anxiety, Worry and Intolerance of Uncertainty among individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive and Substance Use Disorders. Journal of Research in Psychological Health. 2018;12(1):54-65. [Persian]
20. Gallagher MW, Bentley KH, Barlow DH. Perceived Control and Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders: A Meta-analytic Review. Cogn Ther Res. 2014;38:571–84.
21. Ong AD, Bergeman CS, Bisconti TL. Unique effects of daily perceived control on anxiety symptomatology during conjugal bereavement. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;38:1057–67.
22. Gallagher MW, Gainey KN, Brown TA. Perceived Control is a Transdiagnostic Predictor of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Outcome for Anxiety Disorders. Cognit Ther Res. 2014;38(1):10–22.
23. Ferreira B, Abreu J, Dos Reis J, Figueiredo A. Psoriasis and Associated Psychiatric Disorders. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016;9(6):36-43.
24. Costa PT. McCrae RR."Revised NEO personality inventory(NEO-PI-R) and NEO five factor inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual"Psychological assessment resources. Odessa: FL. 1992.
25. Garosi MT, Mehryar AH, Ghazi-Tabatabaee M. Application of NeoP I- R test and Analytic Evaluation of its Characteristics and factorial Structure among Iranian University students.Journal of Human Science in Alzahra University. 2001;11(39):173-98. [Persian]
26. Haghshenas, H. personality psychology. Shiraz; 1387. [Persian]
27. Eggert J, Levendosky A, Klump K. Relationships Among Attachment Styles, Personality Characteristics, and Disordered Eating. Int J Eat Disorder. 2007;40(2):149–155.
28. Anisi J, Majdiyan M, Joshanloo M, Gohari Kamel Z. Reliability and validity of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory short form in student. Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2012;5(4):351-55. [Persian]
29. Khanjani Z, Farooghi P, Yaghobi AR. Psychosocial risk factors in relation to coronary artery disease. Med J Tabriz Uni Med Sciences Health Services. 2010; 32(3):30-34. [Persian]
30. Ghasemi N. The Comparison of Personality Traits in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients with Normal Matched Group in Shiraz City. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology. 2012;13(48):95-105. [Persian]
31. Rapee RM, Craske MG, Brown TA, Barlow DH. Measurement of perceived control over anxiety-related events. Behav Ther. 1996;27(2):279-93.
32. Brown TA, White KS, Forsyth JP, Barlow DH. The Structure of Perceived Emotional Control: Psychometric Properties of a Revised Anxiety Control Questionnaire. Behav Ther. 2004;35(1):75-99.
33. Zebb BJ, Moore MC. Another look at the psychometric properties of the Anxiety Control Questionnaire. Behav Res THer. 1999;37(11):1091-103.
34. Kalantari M, Fatemi F, Molavi H, Zangiabadi M. Comparing psychological characteristics of skin patients and normal people. Knowledge and Research.1991;8:29-38. [Persian]
35. Ros S, Puig L, Carrascosa JM. Cumulative Life Course Impairment: The Imprint of Psoriasis on the Patient’s Life. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105(2):128-34.
36. Abdi M, Besharat MA, Davoudi SM. Comparison of psychological symptoms severity in patients skin suffered from diseases with healthy individuals. Dermatology and Cosmetic. 2018;9(1):13-27. [Persian]
37. Schut CH, Bosbach S, Gieler U, Kupfer J. Personality Traits, Depression and Itch in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis in an Experimental Setting. Acta Derm Venereol. 2014;94(1):20–25.
38. Hrehorów E, Salomon J, Matusiak U, Reich A, Szepietowski JC. Patients with psoriasis feel stigmatized. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):67-72.
39. Basińska MA, Woźniewicz A.The relation between type D personality and the clinical condition of patients suffering from psoriasis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(6):381-7.
40. Ulnik JC. Psychological evaluation of the dermatology patient. Clin Dermatol. 2013;31(1):11-17.
41. Lotfi R, Alipoor A, Tarkhan M, Farzad V, Maleki M. Prediction of changes in peritoneum perception in chronic skin diseases Based on personality traits, anxiety and depression. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2015;17(6):278-83. [Persian]
42. Nasri S, yalan M. Compare Stressors and Coping Strategies in Patients with Skin Diseases and Normal Individuals. Health Psychology. 2015;5(16):103-17.[Persian]
43. Dehghani F, Dehghani F, Kafaie P, Taghizadeh MR. Alexithymia in Different Dermatologic Patient. AJP. 2017;25:42-45.[Persian]
44. Mavrogiorgou P, Bader A, Stockfleth E, et al. Obsessive-compulsive Disorder in Dermatology. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2015;13(10):991-9.
45. Barlow DH. Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press; 2002.
46. Ghamkharfard Z, Bakhtiyari M, Tahmasiyan K, Torabi N, Maleki M. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in increasing 11 Years Old - Perceived Control of Girl's Anxiety 13 Disturbing general anxiety. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies. 2015;11(1):29-50.


47. Zvolensky MJ, Paulus DJ, Bakhshaie J, Garza M, Ochoa-Perez M, Medvedeva A, et al. Interactive effect of negative affectivity and anxiety sensivity in terms of mental health among Latinos in primery care. Psychiatry Res. 2016;243:35-42.
48. Gregor KL, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensivity and perceived control over anxiety related events: E valuating the singular and interactive effects in the predictionof anxious and fearful responding to bodily sensations. Behav Res Ther. 2008;46(9):1017-25.
49. Lakuta P, Przybyla-Basista H. Toward a better understanding of social anxiety and depression in psoriasis patient: The role of determinants, mediators, and moderators. J Psychosom Res. 2017. 94:32-38.
50. Fleming P, Bai JW, Pratt M, Sibbald C, Lynde C, Gulliver WP. The prevalence of anxiety in patients with psoriasis.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(5):798-807.
51. Nagarale V, Jaiswal S, Prabhu A, Sinha D, Nayak Ch. Psoriasis and neurodermatitis: comparing psychopathology, quality of life and coping mechanisms. Int J Adv Med. 2017;4(1):238-43.
52. Heller MM, Lee ES, Koo JY. Stress as an influencing factor in psoriasis. Skin Therapy Lett. 2011;16(5):1-4.