نقش واسطه‌ای حافظه‌کاری هیجانی در ارتباط بین سوگیری توجه و نشانه‌های افسردگی در زمینه تعاملات خانوادگی

نویسندگان
زهرا کاووسیان
فائزه ضیایی
پریسا پاکاری
پریسا حسین زاده یزدی
زینب حسنی اصل
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تبیین نقش واسطه‌ای حافظه‌کاری هیجانی در رابطه میان سوگیری توجه و نشانه‌های افسردگی در بستر تعاملات خانوادگی بود. بر اساس مدل‌های معاصر شناختی–هیجانی افسردگی، فرض بر این است که سوگیری توجه منفی به‌عنوان یک عامل آسیب‌پذیری مرکزی، از طریق ایجاد اختلال در فرآیندهای حافظه‌کاری هیجانی، به تشدید نشانه‌های افسردگی منجر می‌شود و این مسیر می‌تواند تحت تأثیر کیفیت تعاملات خانوادگی تقویت شود. پژوهش با طرح توصیفی–همبستگی و با بهره‌گیری از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل بزرگسالان ۲۰ تا ۴۰ ساله ساکن تهران در سال ۱۴۰۴ بود که در یک بافت خانوادگی فعال زندگی می‌کردند. تعداد ۳۵۰ نفر پس از غربالگری و بررسی ملاک‌های ورود، به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل مقیاس‌های سنجش افسردگی، سوگیری توجه، حافظه‌کاری هیجانی و الگوهای تعاملات خانوادگی بود. نتایج نشان داد سوگیری توجه منفی، هم به‌طور مستقیم و هم غیرمستقیم، نشانه‌های افسردگی را پیش‌بینی می‌کند. حافظه‌کاری هیجانی نقش واسطه‌ای معناداری داشت؛ به این معنا که نقص در نگهداری، به‌روزرسانی و حذف اطلاعات هیجانی، مسیر اثرگذاری سوگیری توجه بر افسردگی را تسهیل و تقویت می‌کند. علاوه بر این، تعاملات خانوادگی نامناسب به‌عنوان یک عامل زمینه‌ای مهم عمل کرد و شدت مسیر غیرمستقیم را افزایش داد. شاخص‌های برازندگی نیز تأیید‌کننده مدل ساختاری پیشنهادی بودند. یافته‌ها اهمیت بررسی همزمان عوامل شناختی، هیجانی و محیطی در تبیین افسردگی را برجسته می‌کنند و بر ضرورت به‌کارگیری مداخلاتی که به اصلاح سوگیری‌های توجه و تقویت حافظه‌کاری هیجانی می‌پردازند، به‌ویژه در چارچوب خانواده‌درمانی، تأکید دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سوگیری توجه
حافظه کاری هیجانی
نشانه‌های افسردگی

عنوان مقاله English

The mediating role of emotional working memory in the relationship between attentional bias and depressive symptoms in the context of family interactions.

نویسندگان English

Zahra Kavousian
Faezeh Ziaei
Parisa Pakari
Parisa Hosseinzadeh Yazdi
Zeinab Hassani Asl
چکیده English

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotional working memory in the relationship between attentional bias and depressive symptoms within the context of family interactions. Guided by contemporary cognitive–emotional models of depression, the study explored how negative attentional bias, as a core vulnerability factor, may influence depressive symptomatology through impairments in emotional working memory, and how these processes are embedded in the dynamics of family relationships. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of adults aged 20–40 years living in active family systems in Tehran in 2025. A total of 350 participants were selected through purposive convenient sampling following eligibility screening. Research instruments included measures of depressive symptoms, attentional bias, emotional working memory performance, and family interaction patterns. The results demonstrated that negative attentional bias significantly predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms both directly and indirectly. Emotional working memory showed a significant mediating role, indicating that deficits in maintaining, updating, and regulating emotional information constitute a key mechanism linking attentional bias to depressive experiences. Furthermore, family interactions functioned as an amplifying contextual factor: maladaptive and conflictual family environments strengthened the indirect pathway by increasing cognitive–emotional load and reducing regulatory resources. The final structural model showed acceptable fit indices and supported the hypothesized mediational relationships. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of integrating cognitive, emotional, and contextual variables in understanding depressive symptoms. They also underscore the potential value of interventions targeting attentional processing biases and emotional working memory capacities, particularly within family-based therapeutic frameworks.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

attentional bias
Emotional Working Memory
Depressive Symptoms
Family interactions
Mediation
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