اثربخشی برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر مهارت‌های خودمدیریتی و اضطراب اجتماعی در نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال کم‌توجهی–بیش‌فعالی

نویسندگان
آرشیدا صیادی
فاطمه هوشمند
سیده ریحانه هاشمی
تارا ستوار
ارسلان برکت
چکیده
اختلال کم‌توجهی–بیش‌فعالی در دوره نوجوانی با کاستی‌های پایدار در خودتنظیمی، ضعف مهارت‌های خودمدیریتی و افزایش مشکلات اجتماعی–هیجانی، از جمله اضطراب اجتماعی، همراه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر مهارت‌های خودمدیریتی و اضطراب اجتماعی در نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال کم‌توجهی–بیش‌فعالی بود. پژوهش به شیوه نیمه‌آزمایشی و با طرح پیش‌آزمون–پس‌آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل و پیگیری دوماهه انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل نوجوانان ۱۳ تا ۱۵ ساله مبتلا به این اختلال بود که ۳۰ نفر از آنان به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل گمارده شدند. گروه آزمایش در هشت جلسه ۹۰ دقیقه‌ای برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی شرکت کردند، در حالی که گروه کنترل در فهرست انتظار قرار داشت. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه خودمدیریتی نوجوانان و مقیاس اضطراب اجتماعی نوجوانان بود که در سه مرحله پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری اجرا شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری با اندازه‌گیری مکرر تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که اجرای برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی موجب افزایش معنادار مهارت‌های خودمدیریتی و کاهش معنادار اضطراب اجتماعی در گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل شد و این اثرات در پیگیری دوماهه نیز تا حد زیادی پایدار باقی ماند. بر اساس یافته‌ها، برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی می‌تواند به‌عنوان مداخله‌ای مکمل و مؤثر در بهبود کارکردهای شناختی–رفتاری و کاهش مشکلات اجتماعی–هیجانی نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال کم‌توجهی–بیش‌فعالی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی
مهارت‌های خودمدیریتی
اضطراب اجتماعی
اختلال کم‌توجهی–بیش‌فعالی
نوجوانان

عنوان مقاله English

The effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program in improving self-management skills and reducing social anxiety in hyperactive adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

نویسندگان English

Arshida Sayadi
Fatemeh Houshmand
Seyedeh Reyhaneh Hashemi
Tara Sotvar
Arsalan Barekat
چکیده English

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescence is associated with persistent deficits in self-regulation, poor self-management skills, and increased social-emotional problems, including social anxiety. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program on self-management skills and social anxiety in adolescents with ADHD. The study was conducted in a quasi-experimental manner with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The study population included adolescents aged 13 to 15 years with this disorder, 30 of whom were selected using a convenience method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, while the control group was on a waiting list. The research instruments included the Adolescent Self-Management Questionnaire and the Adolescent Social Anxiety Scale, which were administered in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that the implementation of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program significantly increased self-management skills and significantly reduced social anxiety in the experimental group compared to the control group, and these effects remained largely stable at the two-month follow-up. Based on the findings, the mindfulness-based stress reduction program can be used as a complementary and effective intervention in improving cognitive-behavioral functions and reducing social-emotional problems in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

mindfulness-based stress reduction
self-management skills
social anxiety
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
adolescents
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پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی
دوره 19، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 62
تابستان 1404
صفحه 151-165