ساختار عاملی، اعتبار و روایی مقیاس توانمندی کسب شده خودکشی- ترس از مرگ (ACSS-FAD) بر اساس نظریه بین فردی خودکشی(IPTS) در نمونه دانشجویان ایرانی

نویسندگان
چکیده
مدل‌های خودکشی بیان می‌کنند که افراد تنها زمانی اقدام به خودکشی می‌کنند که تمایل به مرگ و توانمندی لازم برای اقدام به خودکشی را داشته باشند. توانمندی کسب شده برای خودکشی، مانند نترسیدن از مرگ (FAD)، برای گذر از تمایل به اقدام ضروری است و جزء کلیدی توانمندی خودکشی محسوب می‌شود. با توجه به اهمیت شناسایی افراد در معرض خطر اقدام به خودکشی و نیاز به ابزارهای معتبر، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس توانمندی کسب شده برای خودکشی- ترس از مرگ (ACSS-FAD) بر اساس نظریه بین‌فردی خودکشی (IPTS) انجام شد. این مطالعه همچنین ساختار عاملی، پایایی و روایی این مقیاس را در بین دانشجویان ایرانی بررسی کرد. نسخه انگلیسی مقیاس (ACSS-FAD) پس از ترجمه دوگانه، بر روی 380 دانشجوی مراجعه‌کننده به کلینیک‌های مشاوره دانشگاه‌های فردوسی، امام رضا (ع) و حکمت رضوی مشهد در سال تحصیلی 1401-1402 اجرا شد. روایی سازه و روایی همگرا از طریق تحلیل داده‌ها ارزیابی شد. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای تمام خرده‌مقیاس‌ها و کل مقیاس در هر دوجنس و کل نمونه، ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی رضایت‌بخشی را داراست. ساختار عاملی پرسشنامه با تحلیل عاملی تأییدی تأیید شد و نشان‌دهنده برازش قابل قبول گویه‌ها بود. همچنین، الگوی ضریب همبستگی بین خرده‌مقیاس‌ها و روایی همگرای پرسشنامه با مقیاس بک برای افکار خودکشی، روایی خوب مقیاس را نشان داد. نسخه فارسی مقیاس توانمندی کسب شده برای خودکشی از اعتبار خوبی در جامعه ایرانی برخوردار است و ابزاری مفید برای غربالگری و ارزیابی خطر اقدام به خودکشی در محیط‌های بالینی و تحقیقاتی محسوب می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Psychometric Properties and Construct Validity of the Acquired Capability for Suicide-Fearless About Death Scale (ACSS-FAD) Based on the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS) in a Sample of Iranian Students

نویسندگان English

Zahra Alizadeh brjandi
Sajjad Bagheri
Seyed Kazem Rasoulzadeh Tabatabai
چکیده English

Suicide models suggest that attempts occur when individuals have both a desire to die and the acquired capability for suicide, such as fearlessness about death (FAD), which is crucial for transitioning from suicidal desire to action (Ferm et al., 2022). This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Acquired Capability for Suicide-Fearless About Death (ACSS-FAD) scale based on the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS), assessing its factor structure, reliability, and validity among Iranian students. The ACSS-FAD was translated into Persian using back-translation and administered to 380 students from counseling clinics at Ferdowsi University, Imam Reza University, and Hakim Razavi University in Mashhad during the 2022-2023 academic year. Construct and convergent validity were evaluated through data analysis. Cronbach's alpha for all subscales and the overall scale indicated satisfactory psychometric properties across genders and the total sample. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure with good fit indices. Correlation patterns between subscales and the convergent validity with the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation demonstrated good validity. The Persian version of the ACSS-FAD shows good reliability and validity in the Iranian population, serving as a useful tool for screening and assessing imminent suicide risk in clinical and research settings.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Reliability
Validity
Factor structure
Acquired Capability
Fearlessness About Death
Interpersonal Theory of Suicide
Ballard, E. D., Gilbert, J. R., Wusinich, C., & Zarate, C. A., Jr (2021). New Methods for Assessing Rapid Changes in Suicide Risk. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, 598434. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.598434
Becker, S. P., Foster, J. A., & Luebbe, A. M. (2020). A test of the interpersonal theory of suicide in college students. Journal of affective disorders, 260, 73–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.005
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P., & Rothstein, H. R. (2011). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Buckner, J. D., Lemke, A. W., & Walukevich, K. A. (2017). Cannabis use and suicidal ideation: Test of the utility of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide. Psychiatry research, 253, 256–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.001
Christensen, H., Batterham, P. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Donker, T., & Soubelet, A. (2014). Predictors of the risk factors for suicide identified by the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behaviour. Psychiatry research, 219(2), 290–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.029
Chu, C., Buchman-Schmitt, J. M., Stanley, I. H., Hom, M. A., Tucker, R. P., Hagan, C. R., Rogers, M. L., Podlogar, M. C., Chiurliza, B., Ringer, F. B., Michaels, M. S., Patros, C. H. G., & Joiner, T. E. (2017). The interpersonal theory of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a decade of cross-national research. Psychological bulletin, 143(12), 1313–1345. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000123
Czyz, E. K., Berona, J., & King, C. A. (2015). A prospective examination of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior among psychiatric adolescent inpatients. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 45(2), 243–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12125
Dhingra, K., Boduszek, D., & O'Connor, R. C. (2016). A structural test of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional model of suicidal behaviour. Psychiatry research, 239, 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.023
Ferm, M. S., Frazee, L. A., Kennard, B. D., King, J. D., Emslie, G. J., & Stewart, S. M. (2020). Fearlessness about death predicts adolescent suicide attempt: A preliminary analysis. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 50(6), 1288–1295. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12715
Forkmann, T., Glaesmer, H., Paashaus, L., Rath, D., Schönfelder, A., Stengler, K., Juckel, G., Assion, H. J., & Teismann, T. (2020). Interpersonal theory of suicide: prospective examination. BJPsych open, 6(5), e113. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.93
Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Fox, K. R., Bentley, K. H., Kleiman, E. M., Huang, X., Musacchio, K. M., Jaroszewski, A. C., Chang, B. P., & Nock, M. K. (2017). Risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A meta-analysis of 50 years of research. Psychological bulletin, 143(2), 187–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000084
Hallensleben, N., Spangenberg, L., Kapusta, N. D., Forkmann, T., & Glaesmer, H. (2016). The German version of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ)--Dimensionality, psychometric properties and population-based norms. Journal of affective disorders, 195, 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.045
Hawton, K., Casañas I Comabella, C., Haw, C., & Saunders, K. (2013). Risk factors for suicide in individuals with depression: a systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 147(1-3), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.004
Hill, R. M., Rey, Y., Marin, C. E., Sharp, C., Green, K. L., & Pettit, J. W. (2015). Evaluating the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire: Comparison of the Reliability, Factor Structure, and Predictive Validity across Five Versions. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 45(3), 302–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12129
Joiner TE. Why people die by suicide. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2005
Joiner, T. E., Jr., & Van Orden, K. A. (2008). The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior indicates specific and crucial psychotherapeutic targets. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1(1), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1680/ijct.2008.1.1.80
Kazemi-Galougahi, M. H., Mansouri, A., Akbarpour, S., Bakhtiyari, M., Sartipi, M., & Moradzadeh, R. (2018). Income-related inequality in completed suicide across the provinces of Iran. Epidemiology and health, 40, e2018012. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018012
Keefner, T., Minton, M., & Antonen, K. (2024). Embracing Emotional Pain: A Case Study of Adolescent Suicidality and Spirituality. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 30(2), 397–408. https://doi.org/10.1177/10783903221118932
Klonsky, E. D., May, A. M., & Saffer, B. Y. (2016). Suicide, Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation. Annual review of clinical psychology, 12, 307–330. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093204
Liang, S. W., Liu, L. L., Peng, X. D., Chen, J. B., Huang, A. D., Wang, X. Y., Zhao, J. B., Fan, F., & Liu, X. C. (2022). Prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a 3-wave repeated survey. BMC psychiatry, 22(1), 336. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03968-2
Littlewood, D., Kyle, S. D., Pratt, D., Peters, S., & Gooding, P. (2017). Examining the role of psychological factors in the relationship between sleep problems and suicide. Clinical psychology review, 54, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.03.009
O'Connor, R. C., & Nock, M. K. (2014). The psychology of suicidal behaviour. The lancet. Psychiatry, 1(1), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70222-6
Okado, I., Floyd, F. J., Goebert, D., Sugimoto-Matsuda, J., & Hayashi, K. (2021). Applying ideation-to-action theories to predict suicidal behavior among adolescents. Journal of affective disorders, 295, 1292–1300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.137
Pagliaccio, D., Bitran, A., Kirshenbaum, J. S., Alqueza, K. L., Durham, K., Chernick, L. S., Joyce, K., Lan, R., Porta, G., Brent, D. A., Allen, N. B., & Auerbach, R. P. (2024). Testing the interpersonal theory of suicide in adolescents: A multi-wave longitudinal study. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 65(5), 668–679. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13868
Parrish, E. M., Chalker, S. A., Cano, M., Moore, R. C., Pinkham, A. E., Harvey, P. D., Joiner, T., Lieberman, A., Granholm, E., & Depp, C. A. (2021). Ecological momentary assessment of interpersonal theory of suicide constructs in people experiencing psychotic symptoms. Journal of psychiatric research, 140, 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.022
Rens, E., Portzky, G., Morrens, M., Dom, G., Van den Broeck, K., & Gijzen, M. (2023). An exploration of suicidal ideation and attempts, and care use and unmet need among suicide-ideators in a Belgian population study. BMC public health, 23(1), 1741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16630-7
Ribeiro, J. D., Witte, T. K., Van Orden, K. A., Selby, E. A., Gordon, K. H., Bender, T. W., & Joiner, T. E., Jr (2014). Fearlessness about death: the psychometric properties and construct validity of the revision to the acquired capability for suicide scale. Psychological assessment, 26(1), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034858
Richard-Devantoy, S., Ding, Y., Turecki, G., & Jollant, F. (2016). Attentional bias toward suicide-relevant information in suicide attempters: A cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders, 196, 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.046
Rogers, M. L., Bauer, B. W., Gai, A. R., Duffy, M. E., & Joiner, T. E. (2021). Examination of measurement invariance of the Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale. Psychological assessment, 33(5), 464–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000998
Silva, C., Ribeiro, J. D., & Joiner, T. E. (2015). Mental disorders and thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide. Psychiatry research, 226(1), 316–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.008
Smith, A. R., Ribeiro, J. D., Mikolajewski, A., Taylor, J., Joiner, T. E., & Iacono, W. G. (2012). An examination of environmental and genetic contributions to the determinants of suicidal behavior among male twins. Psychiatry research, 197(1-2), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.01.010
Smith, P. N., Cukrowicz, K. C., Poindexter, E. K., Hobson, V., & Cohen, L. M. (2010). The acquired capability for suicide: a comparison of suicide attempters, suicide ideators, and non-suicidal controls. Depression and anxiety, 27(9), 871–877. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20701
Tull, M. T., DeMoss, Z. T., Anestis, M. D., Lavender, J. M., McDermott, M. J., & Gratz, K. L. (2022). Examining associations between suicidal desire, implicit fearlessness about death, and lifetime frequency of suicide attempts. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 52(6), 1110–1120. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12905
Turecki, G., & Brent, D. A. (2016). Suicide and suicidal behaviour. Lancet (London, England), 387(10024), 1227–1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00234-2
Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Cukrowicz, K. C., Braithwaite, S. R., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E., Jr (2010). The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychological review, 117(2), 575–600. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018697
Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Gordon, K. H., Bender, T. W., & Joiner, T. E., Jr (2008). Suicidal desire and the capability for suicide: tests of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior among adults. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 76(1), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.72
Wachtel, S., & Teismann, T. (2013). Die interpersonake theorie suizidalen verhaltens: Eine systematische übersichtsarbeit [The interpersonal theory of suicidal behavior: A systematic review]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie: Forschung und Praxis, 42(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000193
Wang, Y., Liu, J., Chen, S., Zheng, C., Zou, X., & Zhou, Y. (2024). Exploring risk factors and their differences on suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among depressed adolescents based on decision tree model. Journal of affective disorders, 352, 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.035
World Health Organisation. Preventing Suicide: A global imperative. 2014. [cited 1 April 2022]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/world_report_2014/en/
World Health Organization, Mental Health ATLAS 2020. Geneva: WHO, 2020. Available from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240036703.
World Health Organization. (2013). Suicide prevention. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/
Zuromski, K. L., Davis, M. T., Witte, T. K., Weathers, F., & Blevins, C. (2014). PTSD symptom clusters are differentially associated with components of the acquired capability for suicide. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 44(6), 682–697. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12098