شناسایی مؤلفه‌های زیربنایی در شکل‌گیری تمایزیافتگی خود: یک مطالعۀ کیفی

نویسندگان
سالار سیدمجیدی
کیوان صالحی
یاسر مدنی
سمیه شاهمرادی
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
تمایزیافتگی خود، پدیده‌ای بافتارمند، فرهنگی و وابسته به شرایط محیطی و اجتماعی است که در فرآیندی پویا و تحت تأثیر شرایط و عوامل مختلفی شکل گرفته و تجربه می‌شود. با توجه به همین موضوع، این پرسش مطرح شد که مؤلفه‌های زیربنایی در شکل‌گیری تمایزیافتگی خود چیست؟ بدین منظور از رویکرد کیفی، طرح نظام‌مند نظریۀ برخاسته از داده‌ها در سطح نظم‌دهی مفهومی بهره‌گیری شد. از طریق نمونه‌گیری نظری و با توجه به اشباع نظری در گردآوری داده‌ها با 17 نفر مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته اجرا شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از مرحلۀ اول شیوۀ کدگذاری استراوس و کوربین انجام پذیرفت. پس از تحلیل داده‌ها، 112 کد اولیه شناسایی شد، سپس در فرآیند ادغام و مقایسه، 28 زیرمقوله تدوین شده و در قالب 3 مقولۀ اصلیِ استقلال فکری، هویت‌طلبی و منزلت اجتماعی دسته‌بندی و معرفی گردید. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که تمایزیافتگی خود، به شکل افکار، رفتارها و نگرش‌های مستقلانه و منحصر به فرد به همراه هویت‌طلبی با تأکید بر توانمندی‌ها و منزلت اجتماعی و رفتارهای مقتضی پدیدار شده و جریان می‌یابد. در نتیجه، در شکل‌گیری تمایزیافتگی خود، مؤلفه‌های زیربنایی عمدتاً به صورت استقلال فکری تجربه می‌شود اما هویت‌طلبی و منزلت اجتماعی بخشی دیگری از این مؤلفه‌ها را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند که در فرهنگ ایرانی تجربه می‌شوند. یافته‌های مطالعۀ حاضر علاوه بر غنی‌سازی دانش بومی و راهنمایی برای پژوهش‌های آتی، شناخت عمیق‌تر این ویژگی روان‌شناختی را در بستر فرهنگی فراهم نمود که می‌تواند پیامدهای عملی ویژه‌ای نیز در مشاوره و خانواده‌درمانی با توجه به مباحث چندفرهنگی داشته باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پژوهش کیفی
تمایزیافتگی خود
خودمتمایزسازی
شکل‌گیری
طرح نظام‌مند نظریۀ برخاسته از داده‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Identifying the basic components in the formation of self-differentiation: A qualitative study

نویسندگان English

Salar Seyyed Majidi
Keyvan Salehi
Yaser Madani
Somaye Shahmoradi
University of Tehran
چکیده English

Self-differentiation is a contextual phenomenon and dependent on social conditions that is formed and experienced in a dynamic process under the influence of various conditions. Considering this issue, the question was raised, what are the basic components in the formation of self-differentiation? For this purpose, the qualitative approach, the systematic design of grounded theory at the level of conceptual ordering has been used. Through theoretical sampling and according to theoretical saturation, 17 people were interviewed. Data analysis was done using the first stage of theoratical coding method. After data analysis, 112 primary codes were identified, then 28 subcategories and 3 categories were formed. The findings show that self-differentiation emerges and flows in the form of independent thoughts, behaviors and attitudes along with identity seeking and social dignity. As a result, in the formation of self-differentiation, the basic components are mainly experienced as intellectual independence, but identity seeking and social dignity are another part of these components that are experienced. The findings of this study, guidance for future researches and provided a deeper understanding of this psychological characteristic in the cultural context, which can also have practical consequences in family therapy with regard to multicultural issues.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Differentiation of self
Formation
qualitative research
Self-Differentiation
Systematic Design of Grounded theory
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