پیش بینی نگرش به داوطلبی براساس سبک‌های دلبستگی، همدلی و خود شفقت ورزی در افراد داوطلب و غیرداوطلب در فعالیت های مشارکت مردمی در دوره شیوع کووید 19

نویسندگان
ابوالفضل حاتمی ورزنه 1
الهام فتحی 1
حمید خانی پور 2
نرگس حبیبی 3
1 دانشگاه حضرت معصومه(س)
2 موسسه تحقیقات تربیتی، روانشناختی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
10.52547/rph.14.1.87
چکیده
با شیوع بیماری همه‌گیر کووید 19 و پیامدهای اجتماعی‌اقتصادی این همه‌گیری، فعالیت‌های داوطلبی و یاریگرانه بالأخص برای نیازمندان و جامعه در بحران شکل گرفت. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش سبک‌های دلبستگی، همدلی و خودشفقت‌ورزی در پیش‌بینی نگرش به داوطلبی در دوران شیوع کووید 19 در جامعه ایران است. مطالعه حاضر در فروردین و اردیبهشت 1399 در ایران انجام شد. نمونه موردمطالعه (348 نفر) با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از بین دو گروه داوطلب و غیرداوطلب انتخاب شدند و با مقیاس دلبستگی بزرگسال، مقیاس شفقت خود، مقیاس همدلی و مقیاس نگرش داوطلبی به‌صورت اینترنتی و از طریق شبکه‌های اجتماعی و رایانامه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج میزان مشارکت در زنان، افراد شاغل و گروه سنی 25-35 سال بیشتر بود. بین دو گروه داوطلب و غیرداوطلب در نگرش به داوطلبی، قضاوت درباره خود، انزوا، ذهن آگاهی، همانندسازی مفرط و سبک دلبستگی ایمن تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت. ضرایب همبستگی نشان‌دهنده آن است که مهربانی با خود، اشتراکات انسانی، انزوا، ذهن‌آگاهی، همدلی شناختی و دلبستگی ایمن با نگرش داوطلبی دارای همبستگی مثبت معنادار و دلبستگی اضطرابی با نگرش داوطلبی همبستگی منفی معنادار دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که همدلی شناختی، همدلی هیجانی، سبک دلبستگی ایمن و ذهن‌آگاهی پیش‌بینی‌کننده نگرش داوطلبی است. می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که افراد داوطلب فعالیت‌های مشارکت‌های مردمی در دوره کووید 19 نگرش مثبتی به داوطلبی دارند و سبک دلبستگی ایمن‌تر و خودشفقت‌ورزی بیشتری نسبت به افراد غیرداوطلب دارند. به نظر می‌رسد همدلی قوی، سبک دلبستگی ایمن و ذهن‌آگاهی بالا، پیش‌نیازهای روان‌شناختی لازم برای اتخاذ نگرش مثبت به امور داوطلبانه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کلیدواژه‌ها: داوطلبی
دلبستگی
خود شفقت ورزی
همدلی
کووید 19

عنوان مقاله English

Predicting Helping Attitude based on Attachment styles, Empathy, and Self-compassion among Volunteer and non-Volunteer Groups in Public Participation during COVID-19 Outbreak

نویسندگان English

Abolfazl Hatami Varzaneh 1
elham fathi 1
Hamid Khanipour 2
Narges Habibi 3
1 Hazrat-e Masoumeh University
2 Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده English

With the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic disease and the social and economic consequences of this pandemic, volunteering and helping activities especially for needy people and the society in crisis developed. The aim of this study was to explore the role of attachment styles, empathy and self-compassion in predicting attitude toward helping during Covid-19 Outbreak in Iranian society. The present study conducted in April and May 2020 in Iran. The study sample (n=348) selected by convenient sampling method. Instruments of this study were the adult attachment scale, self-compassion scale, basic empathy scale, and helping attitude scale. Findings showed that participation of women; employed ones and the 25-35 year old age group were more than men, unemployed ones and other age group. There was significant difference between volunteer and non-volunteer groups in helping attitude, self-judgment, isolation, mindfulness, over-identification and secure attachment style. Correlation coefficients indicated that self-kindness; common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, cognitive empathy and secure attachment had positive significant correlation with helping attitude. In addition, anxious attachment negatively associated with helping attitude. Regression analysis indicated that cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, secure attachment style and mindfulness predicted helping attitude. It can conclude that volunteers for community services during COVID-19 outbreak had positive attitude toward helping and had more secure attachment styles and higher level of self-compassion in comparison to non-volunteers. It seems having strong empathy, secure attachment style and being mindful, are psychological prerequisites for having positive volunteering and helping attitudes.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

volunteering attitude
attachment
Self-Compassion
empathy
COVID-19
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