سطح اضطراب کودکان در ارتباط با میزان آگاهی و نگرش آنها از بیماری کرونا بر اساس مدل باور سلامتی و میزان استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی مادران

نویسندگان
دانشگاه زنجان
چکیده
با توجه به تاثیرات مخرب شیوع بیماری های عفونی مانند کرونا و بحران اجتماعی ناشی از آن بر سلامت جسم و روان؛پژوهش حاضر بر طبق الگوی باور سلامت و با هدف بررسی رابطه بین سطح اضطراب کودکان با میزان آگاهی و نگرش آنها از بیماری کرونا و میزان استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی مادرانشان در دوران قرنطینه، انجام شد. پژوهش از نوع همبستگی بر روی 260 نفر از دانش آموزان پیش دبستانی و دبستانی مناطق 2، 4 و 21 شهر تهران و مادران آنها در سال 1399انجام شد که با روش نمونه ­گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای ارزیابی متغیرهای پژوهش، از پرسشنامه میزان آگاهی و نگرش کودکان ازویروس کرونا، مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس- فرم والد وپرسشنامه اضطراب، استرس و افسردگی استفاده شد. تحلیل داده ها با استفاده ازضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که رابطه معناداری بین سطح اضطراب کودکان با اضطراب (45 /0 =r)، استرس(35 /0=r)، وافسردگی مادران(44 /0=r)، میزان آگاهی کودکان از کرونا

(19 /0=
r)، و سن ( 14 /0 -=r وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه به روش گام به گام نشان داد اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس مادران و میزان آگاهی کودکان از ویروس کرونا به ترتیب پیش بینی کننده های های معنادار اضطراب کودکان نسبت به بحران ناشی از کرونا (در مجموع 34%) بودند. طبق نتایج مطالعه حاضر از اقدامات ضروری برای حفظ وارتقاء سلامت روان کودکان درشرایط بحرانی، آموزش والدین در خصوص تنظیم هیجا نهای منفی است. همچنین لازم است اطلاعات مربوط به ویروس نوپدید و بیماری ناشی از آن با توجه تحول شناختی کودکان بر مبنای الگوی باورسلامت ومتناسب با سن به آنها ارائه شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Children's level of anxiety in relation to their level of awareness and attitude towards corona virus based on the health belief model and the level of stress, anxiety and depression of mothers

نویسندگان English

Afagh Zolfaghari
Tahereh Elahi
university of Zanjan
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationshipbetween children'sanxiety level and children'sawareness of coronavirus based on the healthbelief model and their mothers'anxiety, stress and depression during social distancing period. This correlational study was done on260students of preschool and elementary schools of educational areas in Tehran in 2020 and theirmothers that were selected as available sampling. Data were collected by a self-designed questionnaire of children'sawareness and attitude to coronavirus, Spence Children'sAnxiety Scale (SCAS), and depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-42) in adults.

The results indicated significant relationship of children'sanxiety with anxiety (r = 0.45), stress (r = 0.35) and depression (r = 0.44) of their mothers and level of their awareness ofCorona (r = 0.19) and age (r = 0.14).Also, the results of multiple regression analysis in step-by-step manner showed that anxiety, depression and stress of mothers and children'sawareness of Coronavirus were significant predictors of children'sanxiety (altogether 34%).

According to the results of this research, one of the necessary measures toprotect and improve the mental health of children in critical conditions consequent Coronavirus is parents'training to regulate their negative emotions. It is also important to provide information about coronavirus to children with considering their age and cognitive development.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Corona Virus
Awareness
health belief model
anxiety
stress and depression
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