تغییرات نگرش، باور و ارزش در سطوح فردی و فرهنگی و همه گیری کووید 19

نویسنده
محمد نقی فراهانی
گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
10.52547/rph.14.1.1
چکیده
شیوع ویروس کوید ۱۹ در اواخر سال ۲۰۱۹ و تداوم آن در سال میلادی۲۰۲۰تمامی ۸ میلیارد جامعه انسانی و تمامی سیستم های حکومتی و تمامی نظام های سلامت را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. بیشترین تاثیر و خسارت را این انسان ها اعم از کودک و جوان و بزرگسال و پیر و کهنسال و زن و مرد و هر نژاد و قومیت و فرهنگی را تحت الشعاع خود قرار داده است. با توجه به ماهیت و اثرات گسترده کرونا بر وضعیت روان‏شناختی ، ایجاد ترس مرضی از کرونا (کرونافوبیا) مطرح شده و در برخی کشورها این ترس، حتی به شکلی تعمیم‏یافته و اغراق‏ آمیز، به‏ صورت ترسی فراگیر مطرح شده است. نگرش ها و باور ها و ارزش های انسان ها می تواند در شکل گیری این ترس فردی و همگانی تعیین کننده باشد. نگرش ها، ارزشیابی است که افراد از موضوعات مختلفی که با آن روبرو می شوند شکل می گیرند و می‌تواند از طریق شناخت، هیجان و رفتار تولید شوند. نگرش ها در طول زمان و یک فرایند تحولی شکل می‌گیرند و تبدیل به باور ها و ارزش‌ها می‌شوند و وقتی شکل گرفتند تغییر آنها به سادگی امکان پذیر نمی‌باشد. از طرفی نگرش ها و باور های شخصی افراد پیوستگی دایمی با نگرش ها و باور های فرهنگی داشته و شاید در یک حالت حداکثری می توان فرض کرد که باور های شخصی بدون باور های فرهنگی نمی توانند مدت زیادی دوام و قوام پیدا کنند. بنابراین می توان انتظار داشت که ویروس جدید با توحه به همه گیری و قوام آن اگر تداوم یابد، می تواند باور ها و نگرش های جدیدی را ایجاد کنند که شکل دهنده ی راهنمای رفتار های ما در سال های پیش روی باشند. این مقاله در صدد است تا مواجه نگرش ها و باور‌ها در استرس کرونا را در یک مدل نظری (مدل موس، ۲۰۰۶) که ضمن لحاظ کردن باور ها و نگرش ها ی شخصی و همچنین نگرش ها و باور های فرهنگی را در شکل گیری رفتار های متفاوت را در شرایط استرس بررسی کرده و در نهایت نتیجه گیری می نماید که ما بایستی انتظار شکل‌گیری نگرش ها و باور های جدیدی باشیم که می تواند در شرایط بعد از کرونا در سایر زمینه‌ها تسری یابد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
نگرش
باور
فرهنگ
استرس
کووید۱۹

عنوان مقاله English

Changes in Attitude, Beliefs and Values and COVID-19 pandemic

نویسنده English

Mohammd naghi Farahani
Psychology group, faculty of psychology and education, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The COVID-19 virus pandemic, beginning from late 2019 and its continues presence in 2020 has influenced the entire 8 billion populations of human society, governmental structures and health care systems throughout the world. The highest impact of this virus is on humans, despite their sex, race and cultural background. As a result of its extensive effects, contagious nature and its effect on human's psychological conditions, the term Corona-phobia was introduced. In some countries, the exaggeration and derivatives of this fear have led to public anxiety. Attitude, beliefs and human values can define the state of this phobia in its individual and general sense. Attitude is an evaluation which is built upon facing different matters and can be produced through cognition, emotion, and behavior. It is formed through time and a transformational process and creates beliefs and values, which are not easy to reframe once shaped. On the other hand, personal attitude and beliefs are in constant connection with cultural beliefs. Perhaps in a maximizing condition, it can be assumed that personal beliefs won't last long without cultural beliefs. Therefore, this new pandemic virus can establish different implications and beliefs, governing our deeds in the years to come. This paper is intended to overlook attitudes and beliefs during the coronal virus pandemic, using a theoretical model, and assess the new formation of personal and cultural beliefs under stress and evaluate the expectancy of new conditions during the post-Corona time.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Attitude
Believe
Personality
cultural
stress
COVID-19
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