مطالعه‌ی کیفی تعریف توانمندی های منشی نوجوانان در جامعه ی ایرانی

نویسندگان
مهسا جباری 1
شهریار شهیدی 2
لیلی پناغی 3
محمد علی مظاهری 1
1 گروه روان شناسی بالینی و سلامت، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه روان شناسی بالینی و سلامت،دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 گروه بهداشت خانواده، پژوهشکده خانواده، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
10.52547/rph.13.2.64
چکیده
هدف از مطالعه ی کیفی حاضر، بررسی تعریف توانمندی­های منشی از نظر متخصصان و نوجوانان ایرانی بود. بدین منظور با روش نمونه­ گیری هدفمند، با ده نفر از متخصصان (شامل روان­شناسان، مشاوران و معلمان) در رابطه با تعریف 24 توانمندی منشی، مصاحبه ­ی نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. علاوه بر این، نظرات دو گروهِ مجزا از نوجوانانِ کلاس نهم، در رابطه با تعاریف توانمندی­ها، به روش بحث در گروه­های متمرکز، گروه دختران (7 نفر) و پسران 6 (نفر) بررسی شدند. دانش ­آموزان بر اساس در درسترس بودن در زمان انجام مطالعه و تمایل شان به شرکت در بحث ­ها انتخاب شدند. داده ­ها با روش تحلیل محتوا و رویکرد مستقیم، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته­ ها نشان دادند که بین تعاریف پیترسون و سلیگمن (2004) و تعاریف متخصصان و نوجوانان ایرانی در رابطه با دوازده توانمندی، مطابقت وجود داشت اما در رابطه با سایر توانمندی­ها (از جمله توانمندی شجاعت، شور و شوق، صداقت) تفاوت ­هایی دیده شد. وجوه اشتراک و تمایز میان تعاریف، بحث شدند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده می­ توان گفت بین تعاریف توانمندی­های منشی در جامعه ­ی ایرانی و نظام طبقه ­بندی تقریباً مطابقت وجود دارد و این طبقه ­بندی می ­تواند در جامعه ­ی ایرانی و در سایر پژوهش­ های مرتبط با این حوزه به کار گرفته شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
توانمندی‌های منشی
مطالعه‌ی کیفی
نوجوانان
روان‌شناسی مثبت‌نگر

عنوان مقاله English

A qualitative study of definitions of adolescents' character strengths in Iran

نویسندگان English

Mahsa Jabbari 1
Leili Panaghi 3
Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Mazaheri 1
1 Health and clinical psychology group, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Health and clinical psychology group, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Family health group, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English



The purpose of this study was to investigate how Iranian experts and adolescents define the 24 character strengths. With this aim in mind, through on purpose method of sampling, semi-structured interviews about definitions of the 24 character strengths were conducted with ten specialists (including psychologists, counselors, and teachers). Furthermore, the opinions of two gender-segregated groups of nine grade students about character strengths’ definitions were discussed in focus groups for girls (N= 7) and for boys (N= 6). Students were selected based on their availability at the time of research and their willingness to take part in discussion groups. Data were analyzed using content analysis and directive approach. Results showed that there was conformity with Peterson and Seligman’s (2004) definitions and Iranian experts-adolescents’ definitions in twelve character strengths and also there were some differences in definitions of other character strengths (e.g., bravery, zest, and honesty). These similarities and differences were discussed. Based on the findings of this research, it can be claimed that there is almost compliance between definitions of the 24 character strengths in Iranian society and the definitions of the character strengths and virtues classification and this classification can be used in research related to this topic.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Character Strengths
qualitative research
adolescents
positive psychology
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