بررسی کیفی واکنش به فقدان در جوانان ساکن شهر تهران

نویسندگان
مانی رفیعی اردستانی
حسین اسکندری
احمد برجعلی
نورعلی فرخی
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
10.52547/rph.12.3.66
چکیده
شیوه‌ی برخورد با فقدان، گستره‌ی وسیعی از واکنش‌های جسمی، هیجانی، شناختی و وجودی را در برمی‌گیرد و شدت آن می‌تواند از یک هیجان زودگذر و خفیف تا واکنشی شدید که تمام تاریخچه‌ی زندگی فرد را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد، متغیر باشد. در این پژوهش به کمک سه شیوه‌ی مختلفِ جمع‌آوری کیفی داده‌ها، شامل گروه‌های متمرکز، مصاحبه‌ی نیمه‌ساختمند درباره‌ی تجربیات فقدان و اخذ روایت زندگی به شیوه‌ی مک‌آدامز که درمجموع روی 21 شرکت‌کننده صورت پذیرفت، ساخت‌ها و فرایندهای مؤثر بر چگونگی واکنش‌های این افراد به فقدان، از طریق بررسی پدیدارشناختی و تحلیل کیفی داده‌ها روی متن آوانویسی‌شده‌ی مصاحبه‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، سه خوشه‌ی اصلی بستر رخداد، ماهیت فقدان و ویژگی‌ها و تجربه‌ی زیسته‌ی کنشگر را به‌عنوان فرایندهای تأثیرگذار بر واکنش به فقدان معرفی کرد. بستر رخداد دو مضمون زمان و مقایسه با هنجارهای فرهنگی و اجتماعی، ماهیت فقدان سه مضمون نوع فقدان، جبری یا اختیاری بودن و دفعی یا پیش‌بینی‌پذیر بودن آن و درنهایت ویژگی‌های کنشگر، سه مضمون شخصیت، میزان آگاهی و تجربیات زیسته‌ی پیشین افراد را در برمی‌گرفت؛ درنتیجه به نظر می‌رسد که تعاملی از واقعیت‌های بیرونی و زیست‌جهان ذهنی کنشگر است که به طیف گسترده‌ی واکنش‌ها به فقدان منجر می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پدیدارشناسی
واکنش به فقدان
سوگ
جوانان
تجربه زیسته

عنوان مقاله English

Reaction to Loss among Young Generation of Tehran’s population: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان English

Mani Rafiee Ardestani
Hosein Eskandari
Ahmad Borjali
Noorali Farrokhi
allameh tabataba'i university
چکیده English

The loss reaction includes variety of the responses such as the bodily, emotional, existential and cognitive reactions. The strength of these responses can vary from the weak transitory emotional reactions to the lifelong strong ones, which can change the life story of the individuals. In this study, the qualitative data gathering on focus groups, the semi-structured interview about the loss experiences, and the life story interview by Mc Adams approach were applied on 21 participants. The phenomenological analysis of the manuscripts of the interviews used to investigate individual’s responses to the loss. Results showed three major clusters that include context of the loss, nature of the loss and the experimenter’s characteristics. In context of the loss, time and the sociocultural background of the loss experience is major themes. Another kinds of thems consisted of nature of the loss cluster includes its type, the obligatory versus the optional loss, and the predictable versus unpredictable loss. Finally, the participant’s characteristics included the life experiences, personality, and knowledge level of participants. Results shows the interactive effect of objective living world which the loss happens as an incident in it and the sobjective living world of the individual who experiences the loss.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Phenomenology
reactions to Loss
grief
young adults
lived experience
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