مطالعه پدیدار شناسانه تجارب هیجانی و ذهنی فرزندان طلاق

نویسندگان
محمد صادق زمانی زارچی 1
مسعود غلامعلی لواسانی 1
جواد اژه ای 1
علی حسین زاده اسکویی 2
سحر صمدی کاشان 1
1 دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
10.52547/rph.12.1.39
چکیده
طلاق، یک واقعیت در زندگی بسیاری از افراد در سرتاسر دنیاست. این پدیده به طرق گوناگون، زندگی افراد را تحت‌تأثیر خود قرار می‌دهد و سرمنشأ تحولات پیچیده‌ی عاطفی، شناختی و فیزیکی در نظام خانواده و به‌ویژه نزد فرزندان است. در این راستا این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تجربه‌ی زیسته‌ی فرزندان طلاق در زمینه‌ی تجارب هیجانی آنان انجام گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر کیفی بوده و طرح آن از نوع پدیدارشناسی است. به‌همین منظور 17 نفر از نوجوانان پسر و دختر 12-18ساله‌ای که جدایی والدینشان را تجربه کرده بودند، به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده و با استفاده از مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته و اکتشافی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. لازم به ذکر است که نمونه‌گیری تا زمان اشباع داده‌ها ادامه یافته است. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها، ابتدا داده‌ها ثبت و کدگذاری شده و سپس با استفاده از روش کلایزی مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه به‌وسیله‌ی سه زیرمضمون که نشان‌دهنده‌ی تجارب زیسته‌ی مشارکت‌کنندگان بود، به نمایش گذاشته شد. این زیرمضمون‌ها به‌ترتیب شامل خشم و تنفر، ترس و احساس بی‌پناهی بوده و هریک به‌صورت مجزا، مؤلفه‌ها و واحدهای معنایی حمایت‌کننده دارند. آنچه از نتایج این تحقیق برمی‌آید این است که فرزندان طلاق هیجاناتی را تجربه می‌کنند که در مواردی می‌تواند بهزیستی و سلامت روانشان را تحت‌الشعاع قرار دهد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده بر لزوم تبیین عمیق‌تر تجارب زیسته‌ی این افراد توسط روان‌شناسان و مددکاران و ارائه‌ی مداخلات درمانی مبتنی بر مضامینِ برآمده از مطالعه‌ی حاضر، با تمرکز بر بهبود وضعیت هیجانی آنان تأکید دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تجربه زیسته
نوجوانان
فرزندان طلاق
پدیدارشناسی
هیجانات و تجربیات ذهنی

عنوان مقاله English

A Phenomenological Study of Emotional and Subjective Experiences of Children of Divorce

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Sadegh Zamani Zarchi 1
Masoud Gholamali Lavasani 1
Javad Javad Ejei 1
Ali Ali Hosseinzadeh Oskouei 2
Sahar Samadi Kashan 1
1 Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Teheran. Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Divorce is a reality in the lives of many people around the world. This phenomenon is affecting people's lives in many ways and is the origin of complex emotional, cognitive and physical changes in the family, especially children. In this regard, this study was conducted to explore the lived experience of children of divorce about their emotional experiences. In this qualitative study, a phenomenological framework was adopted. The population under study was 17 adolescents aged 12-18 years old; who had experienced the separation of their parents. The participants were selected purposively, and selection continued until data saturation. Data collected by semi-structured and face-to-face individual interviews. The data were analyzed using the Colaizzi`s proposed stages. The thematic analysis resulted in three sub-themes for emotional experiences including anger and hate, fear and feeling of defenseless. According to findings, the adolescents participating in the study faced with a variety of emotions and experiences during the divorce and thereafter. Based on the results, children of divorce have numerous mental and environmental perceptions and experiences which in some cases can affect their well-being and mental health. The results emphasize the need for a deeper explanation of the lived experience of these people by psychologists and social workers and implementing therapeutic interventions based on the content derived from the present study, focusing on improving their emotional states.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

lived experience
adolescents
children of divorce
Phenomenology
emotional and subjective experiences
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