شناخت مثبت نگر: ارتباط بین صفات ارجاعی مثبت و منفی به خود و مثبت نگری

نویسندگان
وحید نجاتی 1
سامان کمری 2
شهریار شهیدی 1
1 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 دانشگاه شیراز
10.29252/rph.11.2.1
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی ارتباط بین صفات ارجاعیِ مثبت و منفی به خود و مؤلفه‌های مثبت‌نگری انجام شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع مطالعات همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل تمامی دانشجویان کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید بهشتی بود که تعداد 187نفر (82پسر و 105دختر) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه شادکامی آکسفورد، مقیاس امیدِ اسنایدر، پرسشنامه جهت‌گیری زندگی و سیاهه صفات ارجاعی به خود بود. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندگانه استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین شادکامی و امید به زندگیِ افرادِ با صفاتِ مثبتِ ارجاع به خود، رابطه مثبتِ معنادار و با صفات منفیِ ارجاع به خود، رابطه منفی معنادار وجود داشت؛ اما بین میزان خوش‌بینی با صفات مثبت و منفیِ ارجاع به خود، رابطه معناداری یافت نشد. همچنین بین صفات مثبتِ ارجاع به خود با صفات منفیِ ارجاع به خود، رابطه منفیِ معنادار به دست آمد. از طرفی دیگر نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که شادکامی و امید، تبیین‌کننده‌های معناداری برای صفات مثبت ارجاع به خود بودند و برای صفات منفی ارجاع به خود تنها متغیر امید با میزان تبیین‌کننده منفی معناداری بود. به نظر می‌رسد، پردازش اطلاعات مثبت و منفی که به خود مربوط می‌شوند تحت تأثیر میزان مثبت‌نگری افراد است. چهارچوب خودارزیابی، روش مناسبی برای اجرا در پژوهش‌های روان‌شناسی مثبت است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شناخت مثبت نگر
صفات خود ارجاعی
شادکامی
امید به زندگی
خوش بینی

عنوان مقاله English

Positive cognition: The Relationship between positive and negative self-reference traits and positivity

نویسندگان English

vahid nejati 1
saman kamari 2
shahriar shahidi 1
1 shahid beheshti university
2 shiraz university
چکیده English

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between positive and negative self-reference traits and positivity components. The study was descriptive and correlational research. The Statistical population included all undergraduate and postgraduate students at Shahid Beheshti University that 187 students (82 boys and 105 girls) were selected by convenience sampling. Research tools consisted of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Snyder hope scale, life orientation questionnaire and checklist the self-reference traits. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between happiness and life expectancy with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Optimism was not associated with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Also, positive traits of self-reference were negatively associated with negative traits of self-reference. On the other hand, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that happiness and hope were predictors of positive traits of self-reference. Also, negative traits of self-reference were predicted by hope. It seems that processing negative and positive information related to the self were influenced by happiness and positive life expectancy. Self-Reference paradigm was an appropriate approach for conducting researches in positive psychology research.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

positive cognition
self-reference traits
Happiness
life expectancy
Optimism
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